WHAT ARE HISTORICAL RECORDS?


Historical records are public or private documents. They may have been created last year or two hundred years ago. Their historical value is not limited to their availability on paper, or in handwritten or typewritten form. Rivaling such traditional records as diaries, correspondence, publications, meeting minutes, and reports, are records in the form of photographs, audio recordings, and computer tapes and disks. Technological advances in the past several decades have revolutionized recordkeeping and record use. An historical record today can be on any medium—paper, tape, microforms, photograph, or electronic/digital—that has served to record a historically significant function, activity, or event. At this very moment, records are being created that will yield valuable information to South Carolina’s citizens and government officials fifty, one hundred, or two hundred years from now. In most cases, these records have significance beyond the immediate reason for their creation and use.

Historical records help to convey a society’s culture from one generation to another. They teach us lessons about how problems similar to ours have been handled in the past. Such records serve as unique resources for historians and other specialists. Historical records also serve as the basis for personal research in areas like genealogy and the study of communities and groups, and they are often required for the preservation of historic buildings, historic sites, and museum exhibits.

They also have a practical value for government and business because they hold information about past policies and decisions. With crises or changes in leadership or staff, historical records provide an important source of administrative continuity.

Historical records are especially valuable because they document the rights of citizens and the obligations of government. Births, deaths, marriages, land ownership, tax liabilities and payments, citizenship status, court or related legal actions, and a myriad of other activities vital to government and citizens are all subject to recordkeeping.

The information contained in historical records is vitally important for research into public issues concerning the environment, health, and welfare. Such records also contain unique details relevant to the repair and replacement of buildings, bridges, streets, utilities, and other elements of our man-made environment. Valuable conclusions and actions result from the study of historical records, many of which will affect us today and for generations to come.

There is no substitute for historical records. They are an important resource. Where historical records exist in good, complete, and usable form, research of many kinds flourishes. Where conditions fall short of this, research and effective action are difficult, restricted, or impossible. The proper selection, care, and use of historical records should be the concern of every citizen. Historical records are not just a matter of yesterday’s news; they hold significant value for today’s—and tomorrow’s as well.